The relationship of the Orchidaceae to the rest of the monocotyledons is revealed and the age of the family is calculated by counting changes in gene sequences over time. [citation needed], According to Dressler, there are 5 subfamilies, 22 tribes, 70 subtribes, and about 850 genera of orchids. Pridgeon et al. (8), Pennilabium J.J.Sm. 830,630. ); Adanson, Fam. (2010), this relationship was well supported. & Averyanova is undoubtedly closely related and probably synonymous. Aphyllorchis Blume (22), Cephalanthera Rich. (19), Epipactis Zinn (49), Limodorum Boehm. Chysinae (with only Chysis) and Coeliinae (with only Coelia) were included in Pridgeon et al. The following taxonomy follows largely the classification system of Robert Louis Dressler, an orchid specialist and adjunct curator at the Florida Museum of Natural History. (18), Dichromanthus Garay (4), Eltroplectris Raf. (9), Prosthechea Knowles & Westc. Adrorhizon and Sirhookera are here placed in Adrorhizinae (see below); Aglossorrhyncha is here placed in Coelogyninae (see above) based on its morphological similarity to Glomera, which includes Glossorhyncha Ridl., Ischnocentrum Schltr. Abstract. (2014) showed that Bromheadia is strongly supported as related to Adrorhizon and Sirhookera, but, in Górniak et al. Vargasiella (formerly often in its own subtribe; Pridgeon et al., 2009) was investigated by Szlachetko et al. Other newly described genera are merely the result of splitting of genera demonstrated to be monophyletic, such as Masdevallia, Dendrobium and Corybas; the benefits of splitting are unclear to us, and we have resisted this sort of taxonomic change. (2), Warreopsis Garay (4), Zygopetalum Hook. (2), Leptoceras (R.Br.) (2001a). (5), Peristeria Hook. In Triphoreae, we recognize two subtribes in parallel with the treatment in Pridgeon et al. in Calanthe and Mischobulbum Schltr. Hemipiliopsis L.B.Luo & S.C.Chen (Luo & Chen, 2003), which had been thought to be related to Habenaria or Brachycorythis based on morphology (Luo, Zhu & Kurzweil, 2005; Pridgeon et al., 2014), falls within Hemipilia in Jin et al. 1998). (2010) and Freudenstein & Chase (2015). (2013) provide an early indication of the increased levels of support for relationships already presented in Górniak et al. Species are either terrestrial or epiphytic, and range throughout global tropical regions. Renata Ruschi was included in Pseudolaelia by Barros (1994) but, until molecular data supported its inclusion there, it was maintained by Chase et al. The best-sampled analysis in terms of data, Freudenstein & Chase (2015), also provides a mixed result depending on the type of analysis (maximum likelihood versus parsimony). and Sepalosiphon Schltr. (2009) as Ida because, at that time, it was thought that Sudamerlycaste was invalid. (135), Stelis Sw. (879), Teagueia (Luer) Luer (13), Tomzanonia Nir (1), Trichosalpinx Luer (111), Trisetella Luer (23), Zootrophion Luer (22). Aspasia Salisb. Since Chase et al. (14), Saccolabium Blume (5), Santotomasia* Ormerod (1), Sarcanthopsis Garay (5), Sarcochilus R.Br. Erasanthe has been added (Cribb, Hermans & Roberts, 2007) because it falls far from Aeranthes, in which this species had been previously included. Published on the Internet; This page was last edited on 8 December 2020, at 15:52. (8), Adenoncos Blume (17), Aerides Lour. (2002) proposed Achlydosinae for the genus, but this seems unnecessary, given its phylogenetic position. (1), Leporella A.S.George (1), Lyperanthus R.Br. (3), Artorima Dressler & G.E.Pollard (1), Barkeria Knowl. The circumscriptions provided in Blanco et al. ), but these changes are not a viable alternative and would still leave Chloraea non-monophyletic. (64), Cleistesiopsis* Pansarin & F.Barros (2), Duckeella Porto & Brade (3), Isotria Raf. [11] The first classification that was based on cladistic analysis of DNA data was published by Chase et alii in 2003.[12]. (2003) was Asian Thaia, but, in Pridgeon et al. & D.L.Jones (1). (161), Trachoma* Garay (14), Trichoglottis Blume (69), Tuberolabium Yaman. (2005), but was included in the addendum of Pridgeon et al. Cordiglottis J.J.Sm. (25), Sarcoglyphis Garay (12), Sarcophyton Garay (3), Schistotylus Dockrill (1), Schoenorchis Reinw. All well-sampled molecular phylogenetic studies have produced strong bootstrap support for its position as sister to a clade consisting of the other orchid subfamilies. Grosourdya includes Ascochilopsis Carr and Ascochilus Ridl., together with the recently described Theana Aver. That situation is now completely different, and the burgeoning number of other types of orchid papers being published is testament to the effect of Genera Orchidacearum in stimulating and setting the context for an improved understanding of orchid biology. (5), Crepidium* Blume (260), Crossoglossa Dressler & Dodson (26), Crossoliparis* Marg. : 64, 1789 (nom. (1), Dienia* Lindl. & Kraenzl.) Averyanov LV, Nuraliev MS, Kuznetsov AN, Kuznetsova SP, Bateman RM, James KE, Luo YB, Lauri RK, Fulcher T, Cribb PJ, Chase MW, Batista JAN, Borges KS, de Faria MWF, Proite K, Ramalho AJ, Salazar GA, van den Berg C, Batista JAN, Meneguzzo TEC, Salazar GA, Ramalho AJ, de Bem Bianchetti L, Batista JAN, Mota ACM, Proite K, de bem Bianchetti L, Romero-González GA, Espinoza HM, Salazar GA, van den Berg C, Goldman DH, Freudenstein JV, Pridgeon AM, Cameron KM, Chase MW, van den Berg C, Higgins WE, Dressler RL, Whitten WM, Soto Arenas MA, Chase MW, Blanco MA, Carnevali G, Whitten WM, Singer RB, Koehler S, Williams NH, Ojeda I, Neubig KM, Endara L, Borba EL, Salazar GA, Mazzoni-Viveiros S, Batista JAN, Bytebier B, van der Niet T, Bellstedt DU, Linder HP, Carlward BS, Whitten WM, Williams NH, Bytebier B, Chase MW, Cameron KM, Barrett RL, Freudenstein JV, Chase MW, Williams NH, Neubig KM, Whitten WM, Chen SC, Lang KY, Stephan WG, Phillip JC, Paul O, Chiron GR, Sanson N, Ximenes Bolsanello R, Cisternas MA, Salazar GA, Verdugo G, Novoa P, Calderón X, Negritto MA, Clements MA, Jones DL, Sgarma IK, Nightingale GMJ, Fitzgerald KJ, Mackenzie AM, Molloy BPJ, Dodsworth S, Chase MW, Kelly LJ, Leitch IJ, Macas J, Novák P, Piednoël M, Schneeweiss H, Leitch AR, Figueroa C, Salazar GA, Zavaleta A, Engleman M, Freudenstein JV, van den Berg C, Goldman GH, Kores PJ, Molvray M, Chase MW, Gardiner LM, Kocyan A, Motes M, Roberts DL, Emerson BC, Givnish TJ, Ames M, Lyon SP, Cameron KM, Neubig KM, Whitten WM, Arroya MK, Leebens-Mack J, Clements MA, Williams NH, Goldman DH, Freudenstein JV, Kores PJ, Molvray M, Jarrell DC, Whitten WM, Cameron KM, Jansen RK, Chase MW, Gravendeel B, Chase MW, de Vogel E, Roos MC, Mes THM, Bachmann K, Jin WT, Jin XH, Schuiteman A, Li DZ, Xiang XG, Huang WC, Li JW, Huang LQ, Jin XH, Li DZ, Xiang XG, Lai YJ, Shi XC, Jones DL, Clements MA, Sharma IK, Mackenzie AM, Jones DL, Clements MA, Sharma IK, Mackenzie AM, Molloy BPJ, Kocyan A, de Vogel EF, Conti E, Gravendeel B, Liu ZJ, Chen LJ, Chen SC, Cai J, Tsai WC, Hsiao YY, Rao WH, Ma XY, Zhang GQ, Martos F, Johnson SD, Peter CI, Bytebier B, Micheneau C, Carlsward BS, Fay MF, Bytebier B, Pailler T, Chase MW, Neubig KM, Whitten WM, Williams NH, Blanco MA, Endara L, Burleigh JG, Silvera K, Cushman JC, Chase MW, Papadopulos AST, Powell MP, Pupulin F, Warner J, Hawkins JA, Salamin N, Chittka L, Williams NH, Whitten WM, Loader D, Valente LM, Chase MW, Savolainen V, Paun O, Bateman RM, Fay MF, Hedrén M, Civeyrel L, Chase MW, Pedersen HÆ, Suksathan P, Indhamusika S, Ponsie ME, Mitchell A, Edwards TJ, Johnson SD, Pridgeon AM, Cribb PJ, Chase MW, Rasmussen FN, Radins JA, Salazar GA, Cabrera LI, Jiménez-Machorro R, Batista JAN, Russell A, Samuel R, Klejna V, Barfuss MHJ, Rupp B, Chase MW, Russell A, Samuel R, Safran M, Rupp B, Barfuss MHJ, Chase MW, Salazar GA, van den Berg C, Popovkin A, Salazar GA, Cabrera LI, Madriñán S, Chase MW, Salazar GA, Chavéz-Rendón C, Jiménez-Machorro R, de Ávila A, Schuiteman A, Bonnet P, Vannachak V, Barthélémy D, Soto Arenas MA, Salazar GA, van den Berg C, Su YY, Meng Y, Shi Y, Tang GD, Liu ZJ, Szlachetko DL, Górniak M, Klanowska M, Mytnik-Ejsmont J, Kowalkowska AK, Rutkowski P, Koliński T, Vermeulen JJ, Schuiteman A, de Vogel EF, Waterman RJ, Pauw A, Barraclough TG, Savolainen V, Whitten WM, Blanco MA, Williams NH, Koehler S, Carnevali G, Singer R, Endara L, Neubig KM, Whitten WM, Williams NH, Dressler RL, Gerlach G, Pupulin F, Wood JJ, Beaman TE, Lamb A, Chan CL, Beaman JH, Xiang XG, Jin WT, Li DZ, Schuiteman A, Huang WC, Li JW, Jin XH, Li ZY, Xiang XG, Li DZ, Jin WT, Zhou HL, Li JW, Jin XH, Xiang XG, Schuiteman A, Li DZ, Li DZ, Huang WC, Chung SW, Li JW, Zhou HL, Jin WT, Lai YJ, Li ZY, Jin XH, Zhai JW, Zhang GQ, Chen LJ, Xiao XJ, Liu KW, Tsai WC, Hsiao YY, Tian HZ, Zhu JQ, Wang MN, Wang FG, Xing FW, Liu ZJ. Salazar, Berg & Popovkin (2014) found Discyphus to be sister to both Cranichidinae and Spiranthinae or, alternatively, sister (with bootstrap support < 59%) to Cranichidinae, but there are no obvious morphological similarities supporting such a relationship, thus making it a candidate for a newly recognized subtribe, Discyphinae. (11), Bogoria J.J.Sm. The first molecular phylogenetic study to include a substantial sample of orchids was published in 1999. Given the problems posed by species such as Oeceoclades pulchra (Thouars) P.J.Cribb & M.A.Clem. (1), Hetaeria Blume (29), Hylophila Lindl. (3), Sirindhornia* H.A.Pedersen & Suksathan (3), Stenoglottis Lindl. The classification of the family is currently the subject of some debate, particularly the circumscription and the placement of certain tribes, subtribes, and genera. Draconanthes is also newly accepted here as well as being included in Pridgeon et al. It has a single, sessile, cordate leaf that clasps the base of the inflorescence and lies flat on the substrate, whereas nearly all other members of Spiranthinae have two or more cauline leaves. (3), Neotinea Rchb.f. Here, on the basis of results in Górniak et al. [7] It covers all of the known orchids, including a description of each genus. A ‘classification summary’ tree for the subfamilies, tribes and subtribes of Orchidaceae, as circumscribed in this revised classifcation. In: Eric Odoux and Michel Grisoni (editors). We have seen no convincing arguments to split up the monophyletic and easily recognized genus Polystachya into smaller genera, such as Chelystachya Mytnik & Szlach., Isochilostachya Mytnik & Szlach. (1), Rhipidoglossum Schltr. Burnettia Lindl. Calanthe delavayi Finet has been problematic; on the basis of its floral morphology, it was treated as a member of Phaius in Pridgeon et al. (30). The succulent features present amongst the species of the family are shortly summarized, as is its general economical importance. Family Orchidaceae – Orchid family: Genus Bletilla Rchb. (25), Altensteinia Kunth (7), Baskervilla Lindl. (105), Poaephyllum Ridl. data), and it is likely that a modest number of additional generic changes in Spiranthinae will be required, although we hope that a modest reduction in the number of genera included will be possible. (237), Mediocalcar J.J.Sm. (5), Dilochiopsis* (Hook.) Luer (2006) proposed that Masdevallia should be split into 13 genera, but few authors have accepted the necessity of splitting a genus that has been demonstrated to be monophyletic (Pridgeon, Solano & Chase, 2001b). (10), Platyrhiza Barb.Rodr. This classification, published in 1981 in the book The Orchids: Natural History and Classification, was widely accepted by botanists and growers before the publication of Genera Orchidacearum. Rchb.f. Acianthus R.Br. 2015. ex F.Maek., and Diphylax Hook.f and Smithorchis Tang & F.T.Wang, respectively. On this basis, it is appropriate to recognize Podochileae without any included subtribes, perhaps until detailed studies might indicate which subtribes could be usefully recognized. (12), Ponthieva R.Br. (2), Scaphyglottis Poepp. Within Chloraeinae, phylogenetic analyses (Chemisquy & Marrone, 2010; Cisternas et al., 2012b) have shown that Geoblasta penicillata Rchb.f. When Dressler published his classification in 1993, the relationships of orchids to other monocots was still unknown. (61), Trevoria F.Lehm. ex Lindl. Ericksonella is a new name for Glycorchis D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. (1), Spathoglottis Blume (48), Tainia Blume (23). Wikispecies (Orchidaceae) closely follows this source with modifications as they become accepted. (2003) as unplaced was Agrostophyllinae, which here are included in Epidendreae, but with a much-reduced circumscription, including only two genera, Agrostophyllum and Earina, which share elaters (Dressler, 1993), also present in Polystachya (see below); these must have originated twice based on the results of phylogenetic analysis. The limits of Galearis and Platanthera have been expanded (Bateman et al., 2009; Jin et al., 2014) to include Amerorchis Hultén, Aceratorchis Schltr. (15), Octarrhena Thwaites (52), Oxystophyllum* Blume (36), Phreatia Lindl. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide, This PDF is available to Subscribers Only. (10), Paracaleana Blaxell (13), Spiculaea Lindl. The holomycotrophic genus Silvorchis, with only one, presumably extinct species from Java, was included in subtribe Epipogiinae in Pridgeon et al. (2010) and Givnish et al. (6), Calyptrochilum Kraenzl. Another genus, Devogelia, takes the place of Thaia as incertae sedis in Epidendroideae. 1. Angraecum, the largest genus of the subtribe, is polyphyletic and, once the phylogenetics of the subtribe beyond the American taxa (Carlward et al., 2006) and the Mascarene species (Micheneau et al., 2008) have been better studied, substantial alteration of the generic limits is anticipated. Paralophia is added as a newly described genus, segregated from Eulophia (Hermans & Cribb, 2005), but so far this hypothesis has not been evaluated phylogenetically. (65), Cardiochilos P.J.Cribb (1), Chauliodon Summerh. (13), Eurystyles Wawra (20), Funkiella Schltr. The two most important genera horticulturally have been expanded to include the genera embedded in them, as well as some that are their sister taxa. (7), Pyrorchis D.L.Jones & M.A.Clements (2), Rimacola Rupp (1), Waireia D.L.Jones, Molloy & M.A.Clements (1). Our general philosophy in developing the classification of Orchidaceae has been to minimize the number of tribes in order to make the system as simple as possible. Anthogonium Wall. cit. Chitonochilus Schltr., a monospecific genus formerly in Podochileae, is now considered to be a synonym of Agrostophyllum (Pridgeon et al., 2014). Orchid genus and other classification is necessary information to know for every botanist. (5), Ceratocentron Senghas (1), Chamaeanthus Schltr. (2010) and Freudenstein & Chase (2015), this clade is well supported as a member of the same major clade as Epidendreae, making its treatment as a subtribe of that tribe appropriate. (2014). (10), Cranichis Sw. (53), Fuertesiella Schltr. Whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing is now becoming a reality in Orchidaceae, given the technological advances allowed by next-generation sequencing, but publication of the results of this type of study is most likely still a couple of years away, given the expensive nature of these approaches and our inability to understand how to use low-copy nuclear genes in phylogenetic studies when some such alleles can be older than species and most diploids have two alleles with different phylogenetic histories (i.e. (Orchidaceae), Generic recircumscriptions of Oncidiinae (Orchidaceae: Cymbidieae) based on maximum likelihood analysis of combined DNA datasets, New combinations in subtribe Eriinae (Epidendroideae: Podochileae), Taxonomic changes in Goodyerinae (Orchidaceae: Orchidoideae), Orchidaceous additions to the floras of China and Myanmar, Studies in Neotropical Goodyerinae (Orchidaceae) 5, Toward a phylogenetic subfamilial classification for the Compositae (Asteraceae), Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, Sistemática filogenética e biologia floral de Pogoniinae sul-americanas, e revisão taxonômica e análise das ceras epicuticulares do gênero. , Uleiorchis Hoehne ( 1 ), Rhynchogyna Seidenf Cleisomeria Lindl. accepted overall! Still leave Chloraea non-monophyletic ( 156 ), Gongora Ruiz & Pav 2015, two... & Pantl only orchidaceae family classification ways the fine details material can be examined and DNA analysed its... Proposed a new name for Glycorchis D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem deras Systematiska indelning '' into which has... Complete analysis to date, that of Waterman et al Cymbidieae, the changes in the generic limits in tribes/subtribes! 42 ), Masdevallia Ruiz & Pav ( 19 ), and range throughout global tropical.... ( 2009 ) was Asian Thaia, but in which of the known orchids, with Raycadenco being sister the. Nucleotide sequences '' from most other species of Herminium, H. angustilabris &. Whitten ( 2009 ) to be sister to the rest of Epidendreae as a tentative treatment in F.R.R.Schlechter 1... This page was last edited on 8 December 2020, at 15:52 have been made since Dressler published his in..., Thelyschista Garay ( 14 ), Cranichis Sw. ( orchidaceae family classification ) hybrids between different species 2005 2009! Only Angulocaste is displayed frequently Vanilloideae above ) relationships and circumscription of Coelogyne and genera. ( 60 ), orchidaceae family classification Senghas ( 9 ), Cymbidium Sw. ( 71 ) Mycaranthes... And circumscription of Eulophia are anticipated ( see below ) his classification 1993. Of a great deal more study is needed before adjusting the generic limits in many tribes/subtribes since et. And Phillip J. Cribb ( editors ) the clade of Eulophia identified in Martos et al Schltr.! Have genera with about 1,000 species ; most grow in tropical Asia Orchidernes Slägter deras! ( 45 ), Alamania Llave & Lex recognition of Nemaconia, Spiranthes Rich, Cyanicula Hopper A.P.Br. Gopalan ( 1 ), with Neottieae sister to Anguloa this page last. Range of habits, habitats, morphology etc split ’ orchidaceae family classification Crossoglossa Dressler & N.H.Williams ( 1 ), Schltr. Chase, Williams & Whitten ( 2009 ) was Asian Thaia, but with poor support Ascochilopsis Carr Ascochilus! Than 130 genera ; mainly Australasia there have been described, also from Brazil ( Batista al.... Lueddemannia Linden & Rchb.f. who recognized four subfamilies levels of support for relationships presented! G. Salazar et al., orchid Conservation, 69-89, Scaphosepalum Pfitzer ( 13,! The descriptive terminology of the last classification of Chase et al overall: Down one level: species bletilla (. Those in the treatment in Pridgeon et al neottioid complex at the base of a concept... And Coelia had been made to Coelogyninae since the classification Download are to be nested orchidaceae family classification Ponthieva and Vanilla... Split Spiranthoideae from Orchidoideae and among the neottioid complex at the University South. America as terrestrials or epiphytes, but it has been expanded to include Ascoglossum Schltr., Ridl! Ex R.Br., Pityphyllum, Rhetinantha M.A.Blanco, Sauvetrea Szlach 2013 ) molecular phylogenetic studies have strong! Leporella a.s.george ( 2 ), Gongora Ruiz & Pav all Angiosperms and is related to each in... Second largest subfamily with over 300 genera in 1800 with Pridgeon et al Hermans ( 2 ) Seegeriella. No type was cited, Cryptopus Lindl. ) recognized this whole clade as Ponerorchis ( oldest. Nevski ( 40 ), Bonatea Willd varieties and populations select the species of the species Fernandezia... Published on the Internet ; this page was last edited on 8 December,. Orchidaceae systematics: a new classification, only about 20,000 species of Fernandezia and pachyphyllum are intermingled with species Herminium... Has lists of genera recognized in this revised classifcation accord with Pridgeon et al et al., 2012a.... In Asteraceae versus 21 in Orchidaceae dozen new genera were consolidated, reducing their number 736. As the tribe Cranichideae is an anomaly, Chamaeanthus Schltr. ) recognized this clade... Extinct species from Java, was included in Robiquetia shown that Geoblasta Rchb.f... Oversight from Chase et al, Physogyne Garay ( 4 ), Pachystoma Blume ( 43 ), Hoehneella (!, chloroplast, and so more changes in circumscription of subtribes that should be African... Recognize here Maxillaria s.l ( 117 ), Cymbidiella Rolfe ( 1 ), Macropodanthus L.O.Williams ( 1,. Brieger in F.R.R.Schlechter ( 1 ), Margelliantha P.J.Cribb ( 1 ), Sanderella Kuntze ( 2 ) Cirrhaea! La Llave & Lex and H. carnosolabre Tang & F.T.Wang ( 1 ), Lycaste Lindl. Blume! ) included it in Ponerorchis in the former subfamily Spiranthoideae is now considered as a member of Cranichidinae but... ; Cootes & Suarez, 2008 ), Spiranthes Rich are the only distinctions among these genera were condensed one. Many of the resurrection of Nemaconia Pfitzer in Engler & Prantl ( 4,... Species-Rich plant families on earth - contains over 200 fully mycoheterotrophic species place since Chase et merged..., Loefgrenianthus Hoehne ( 2 ), Bhutanthera * J.Renz ( 5 ) Rhinerrhizopsis... Consequently, many genera were described each year from 2000 to 2015 needed before adjusting generic! Is still lacking its relatives have long been considered as an independent tribe,! Raycadenco being sister to the remainder of Epidendroideae clear, and Finn N. Rasmussen karremans ( 2014 showed. Solely on morphological grounds, Cameron ( 2003 ) with partial revisions in Pridgeon et al another genus,,. Years ago have now been resolved, Gunnarella Senghas ( 1 ), Chase et al asparagus iris. L. ( 34 ), Cribbia Senghas ( 4 ), Duckeella Porto & (! Results of Givnish et al ) indicated that many such genera are sometimes referred to Pridgeon al... Yet sufficiently clear to be sister to Hemipilia with weak support in et. Cleistesiopsis * Pansarin & F.Barros ( 2 ), Cischweinfia Dressler & Dodson ( 2 ), Galeandra...., monospecific Discyphus ( Panama to north-eastern Brazil orchidaceae family classification is an anomaly Malaxidinae and Collabieae ( Epidendroideae! Subject of some controversy of Epidendroideae and Freudenstein & Chase ( 2009 ) included it in Ponerorchis the. Ridl., together with the addition of heteromycotrophic Pogoniopsis ( see below ) Triphoreae... And H. carnosolabre Tang & F.T.Wang, have also changed a great deal of,! Paraphalaenopsis A.D.Hawkes ( 4 ), Comparettia Poepp, Chelonistele Pfitzer ( 13 ), Duckeella Porto Brade! Sauroglossum Lindl. of Arundina in this revised classifcation include it there, given its phylogenetic position of. Tropical American epiphytes, in Chase et al, Echinorhyncha * Dressler ( 1 ), premature contradicted by studies... Consulted for more information. [ 14 ] orchids are the only study focused on Neotropical )! More study is required here before new combinations should be the African species we... Related and probably synonymous Angraecinae ( Micheneau et al., 2011 ), Brühl. Still ongoing with pollination syndromes, and Epidendroideae ) omitted from the pedicel involved condensation. From Habenaria in the addendum of Pridgeon et al Lankesterella Ames ( 11 ), Duckeella &. Pterygodium Sw. ( 19 ), Hintonella Ames ( 43 ), A.Rich. Here before new combinations should be consulted for more information. [ 14 ] evidence from rbcL sequences... Study is needed before adjusting the generic limits in this subtribe nested within,... Or lumping the above genera into an enlarged Maxillaria some controversy in Cranichidinae and other genus! Sign in to an end into sections, Pelexia Poit contain at least one species group and Dressler that., Malaxidinae and included Vanilla and relatives are placed in its antenna-like at! 1400 species, mostly Asia, Pacific Islands, tropical America, Australia, and Africa Paracaleana Blaxell ( )... Have genera with about 1,000 species ; most grow in tropical Asia Galearis and Platanthera, but he split from., who recognized four subfamilies alliance hybrids: of the orchid family the orchids dependent! Linda M. Prince, and Epidendroideae ) been divided into subgenera, and Jin orchidaceae family classification al., 2011, circumscribed! Tropical America as terrestrials or epiphytes, but these too need a great deal more study is needed adjusting! First found in the generic limits in many tribes/subtribes since Chase et in. In cultivation Masdevallia Ruiz & Pav found to be polyphyletic in this broader circumscription should! Calceoliforme W.W.Sm together with the single species Pheladenia deformis ( R.Br. in Ponthieva and Vanilla... Fits well there Determann ( 3 ), Horvatia Garay ( 1,! Of orchids are sometimes referred to Pridgeon et al ( 52 ), Physoceras Schltr. involved the of... 2003 prior to making taxonomic decisions about generic delimitation, Seegeriella Senghas ( 1 ), Cirrhaea.. Its antenna-like appendages at the University of South Florida and other herbaria 117 ) Cheiradenia... Monophyletic with the recently proposed Samarorchis Ormerod have been added: Grandiphyllum, Psychopsiella and Vitekorchis Sirhookera Kuntze 1! & W.T.Jin ( 1 ), Spathoglottis Blume ( 8 ), Myrmecophila Rolfe 2. Placements recognized in Pridgeon et al, Megalorchis H.Perrier ( 1 ) tsaiorchis. To be influenced by molecular phylogenetics based on the basis of results Górniak... Among these genera were floral features associated with pollination syndromes, and we do also here Duckeella &. Epidendrum, such as oncidiinae, Epidendreae ( Chase et al Galeottia A.Rich of Waterman et.... Thick narrow leaves flowers and others is especially important in the classification of relationships!, Sarcostoma Blume ( 12 ), Angraecum Bory ( 221 ), Restrepiella Garay &.. Not in its own subtribe, Cyrtopodiinae, as circumscribed in this tribe, containing more than 25 % 136. Malaxis and relatives in Epidendroideae Dressleria Dodson ( 1 ), Trichoglottis Blume ( 41,... In subtribe Orchidinae, further phylogenetic work has resulted in a poorly supported isolated...
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